Latest Splunk SPLK-2002 Practice Test Questions, Splunk Enterprise Certified Architect Exam Dumps [Q21-Q44]

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Latest Splunk SPLK-2002 Practice Test Questions, Splunk Enterprise Certified Architect Exam Dumps

Jul-2024 Pass Splunk SPLK-2002 Exam in First Attempt Easily

To prepare for the SPLK-2002 exam, candidates should have hands-on experience with Splunk Enterprise and be familiar with the best practices for deploying and managing Splunk in large-scale environments. They should also be familiar with the latest Splunk features and capabilities, as well as the best practices for securing Splunk deployments against cyber threats. With the right preparation, candidates can pass the SPLK-2002 exam and earn the Splunk Enterprise Certified Architect certification, which demonstrates their expertise in designing and deploying complex Splunk environments that meet the needs of modern organizations.

Q21. Which component in the splunkd.log will log information related to bad event breaking?

Audittrail

EventBreaking

IndexingPipeline

AggregatorMiningProcessor

Explanation
The AggregatorMiningProcessor component in the splunkd.log file will log information related to bad event breaking. The AggregatorMiningProcessor is responsible for breaking the incoming data into events and applying the props.conf settings. If there is a problem with the event breaking, such as incorrect timestamps, missing events, or merged events, the AggregatorMiningProcessor will log the error or warning messages in the splunkd.log file. The Audittrail component logs information about the audit events, such as user actions, configuration changes, and search activity. The EventBreaking component logs information about the event breaking rules, such as the LINE_BREAKER and SHOULD_LINEMERGE settings. The IndexingPipeline component logs information about the indexing pipeline, such as the parsing, routing, and indexing phases.
For more information, see About Splunk Enterprise logging and [Configure event line breaking] in the Splunk documentation.

Q22. Which Splunk server role regulates the functioning of indexer cluster?

Indexer

Deployer

Master Node

Monitoring Console

Explanation/Reference: https://docs.splunk.com/Documentation/Splunk/7.3.1/Deploy/Indexercluster

Q23. When planning a search head cluster, which of the following is true?

All search heads must use the same operating system.

All search heads must be members of the cluster (no standalone search heads).

The search head captain must be assigned to the largest search head in the cluster.

All indexers must belong to the underlying indexer cluster (no standalone indexers).

When planning a search head cluster, the following statement is true: All indexers must belong to the underlying indexer cluster (no standalone indexers). A search head cluster is a group of search heads that share configurations, apps, and search jobs. A search head cluster requires an indexer cluster as its data source, meaning that all indexers that provide data to the search head cluster must be members of the same indexer cluster. Standalone indexers, or indexers that are not part of an indexer cluster, cannot be used as data sources for a search head cluster. All search heads do not have to use the same operating system, as long as they are compatible with the Splunk version and the indexer cluster. All search heads do not have to be members of the cluster, as standalone search heads can also search the indexer cluster, but they will not have the benefits of configuration replication and load balancing. The search head captain does not have to be assigned to the largest search head in the cluster, as the captain is dynamically elected from among the cluster members based on various criteria, such as CPU load, network latency, and search load.

Q24. Which of the following are true statements about Splunk indexer clustering?

All peer nodes must run exactly the same Splunk version.

The master node must run the same or a later Splunk version than search heads.

The peer nodes must run the same or a later Splunk version than the master node.

The search head must run the same or a later Splunk version than the peer nodes.

Q25. Which of the following security options must be explicitly configured (i.e. which options are not enabled by default)?

Data encryption between Splunk Web and splunkd.

Certificate authentication between forwarders and indexers.

Certificate authentication between Splunk Web and search head.

Data encryption for distributed search between search heads and indexers.

Explanation
The following security option must be explicitly configured, as it is not enabled by default:
* Certificate authentication between forwarders and indexers. This option allows the forwarders and indexers to verify each other’s identity using SSL certificates, which prevents unauthorized data transmission or spoofing attacks. This option is not enabled by default, as it requires the administrator to generate and distribute the certificates for the forwarders and indexers. For more information, see
[Secure the communication between forwarders and indexers] in the Splunk documentation. The following security options are enabled by default:
* Data encryption between Splunk Web and splunkd. This option encrypts the communication between the Splunk Web interface and the splunkd daemon using SSL, which prevents data interception or tampering. This option is enabled by default, as Splunk provides a self-signed certificate for this purpose. For more information, see [About securing Splunk Enterprise with SSL] in the Splunk documentation.
* Certificate authentication between Splunk Web and search head. This option allows the Splunk Web interface and the search head to verify each other’s identity using SSL certificates, which prevents unauthorized access or spoofing attacks. This option is enabled by default, as Splunk provides a self-signed certificate for this purpose. For more information, see [About securing Splunk Enterprise with SSL] in the Splunk documentation.
* Data encryption for distributed search between search heads and indexers. This option encrypts the communication between the search heads and the indexers using SSL, which prevents data interception or tampering. This option is enabled by default, as Splunk provides a self-signed certificate for this purpose. For more information, see [Secure your distributed search environment] in the Splunk documentation.

Q26. A multi-site indexer cluster can be configured using which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Via Splunk Web.

Directly edit SPLUNK_HOME/etc./system/local/server.conf

Run a Splunk edit cluster-config command from the CLI.

Directly edit SPLUNK_HOME/etc/system/default/server.conf

Explanation
A multi-site indexer cluster can be configured by directly editing
SPLUNK_HOME/etc/system/local/server.conf or running a splunk edit cluster-config command from the CLI.
These methods allow the administrator to specify the site attribute for each indexer node and the site_replication_factor and site_search_factor for the cluster. Configuring a multi-site indexer cluster via Splunk Web or directly editing SPLUNK_HOME/etc/system/default/server.conf are not supported methods.
For more information, see Configure the indexer cluster with server.conf in the Splunk documentation.

Q27. Which of the following clarification steps should be taken if apps are not appearing on a deployment client?
(Select all that apply.)

Check serverclass.confof the deployment server.

Check deploymentclient.confof the deployment client.

Check the content of SPLUNK_HOME/etc/appsof the deployment server.

Search for relevant events in splunkd.logof the deployment server.

Explanation/Reference: https://answers.splunk.com/answers/177021/why-is-deployment-client-not-picking-up-changes-
to.html

Q28. Which Splunk tool offers a health check for administrators to evaluate the health of their Splunk deployment?

btool

DiagGen

SPL Clinic

Monitoring Console

Q29. What does the deployer do in a Search Head Cluster (SHC)? (Select all that apply.)

Distributes apps to SHC members.

Bootstraps a clean Splunk install for a SHC.

Distributes non-search related and manual configuration file changes.

Distributes runtime knowledge object changes made by users across the SHC.

Q30. Which of the following artifacts are included in a Splunk diag file? (Select all that apply.)

OS settings.

Internal logs.

Customer data.

Configuration files.

Q31. If .delta replication fails during knowledge bundle replication, what is the fall-back method for Splunk?

.Restart splunkd.

.delta replication.

.bundle replication.

Restart mongod.

This is the fall-back method for Splunk if .delta replication fails during knowledge bundle replication. Knowledge bundle replication is the process of distributing the knowledge objects, such as lookups, macros, and field extractions, from the search head cluster to the indexer cluster1. Splunk uses two methods of knowledge bundle replication: .delta replication and .bundle replication1. .Delta replication is the default and preferred method, as it only replicates the changes or updates to the knowledge objects, which reduces the network traffic and disk space usage1. However, if .delta replication fails for some reason, such as corrupted files or network errors, Splunk automatically switches to .bundle replication, which replicates the entire knowledge bundle, regardless of the changes or updates1. This ensures that the knowledge objects are always synchronized between the search head cluster and the indexer cluster, but it also consumes more network bandwidth and disk space1. The other options are not valid fall-back methods for Splunk. Option A, restarting splunkd, is not a method of knowledge bundle replication, but a way to restart the Splunk daemon on a node2. This may or may not fix the .delta replication failure, but it does not guarantee the synchronization of the knowledge objects. Option B, .delta replication, is not a fall-back method, but the primary method of knowledge bundle replication, which is assumed to have failed in the question1. Option D, restarting mongod, is not a method of knowledge bundle replication, but a way to restart the MongoDB daemon on a node3. This is not related to the knowledge bundle replication, but to the KV store replication, which is a different process3. Therefore, option C is the correct answer, and options A, B, and D are incorrect.
1: How knowledge bundle replication works 2: Start and stop Splunk Enterprise 3: Restart the KV store

Q32. Which tool(s) can be leveraged to diagnose connection problems between an indexer and forwarder? (Select all that apply.)

telnet

tcpdump

splunk btool

splunk btprobe

Q33. The guidance Splunk gives for estimating size on for syslog data is 50% of original data size. How does this divide between files in the index?

rawdata is: 10%, tsidx is: 40%

rawdata is: 15%, tsidx is: 35%

rawdata is: 35%, tsidx is: 15%

rawdata is: 40%, tsidx is: 10%

The guidance Splunk gives for estimating size on for syslog data is 50% of original data size. This divides between files in the index as follows: rawdata is 15%, tsidx is 35%. The rawdata is the compressed version of the original data, which typically takes about 15% of the original data size. The tsidx is the index file that contains the time-series metadata and the inverted index, which typically takes about 35% of the original data size. The total size of the rawdata and the tsidx is about 50% of the original data size. For more information, see [Estimate your storage requirements] in the Splunk documentation.

Q34. Which of the following is an indexer clustering requirement?

Must use shared storage.

Must reside on a dedicated rack.

Must have at least three members.

Must share the same license pool.

Explanation/Reference: https://docs.splunk.com/Documentation/Splunk/7.3.2/Admin/Distdeploylicenses

Q35. Which two sections can be expanded using the Search Job Inspector?

Execution costs.

Saved search history.

Search job properties.

Optimization suggestions.

The Search Job Inspector can be used to expand the following sections: Search job properties and Optimization suggestions. The Search Job Inspector is a tool that provides detailed information about a search job, such as the search parameters, the search statistics, the search timeline, and the search log. The Search Job Inspector can be accessed by clicking the Job menu in the Search bar and selecting Inspect Job. The Search Job Inspector has several sections that can be expanded or collapsed by clicking the arrow icon next to the section name. The Search job properties section shows the basic information about the search job, such as the SID, the status, the duration, the disk usage, and the scan count. The Optimization suggestions section shows the suggestions for improving the search performance, such as using transforming commands, filtering events, or reducing fields. The Execution costs and Saved search history sections are not part of the Search Job Inspector, and they cannot be expanded. The Execution costs section is part of the Search Dashboard, which shows the relative costs of each search component, such as commands, lookups, or subsearches. The Saved search history section is part of the Saved Searches page, which shows the history of the saved searches that have been run by the user or by a schedule

Q36. When troubleshooting a situation where some files within a directory are not being indexed, the ignored files are discovered to have long headers. What is the first thing that should be added to inputs.conf?

Decrease the value of initCrcLength.

Add a crcSalt=<string> attribute.

Increase the value of initCrcLength.

Add a crcSalt=<SOURCE> attribute.

* inputs.conf is a configuration file that contains settings for various types of data inputs, such as files, directories, network ports, scripts, and so on1.
* initCrcLength is a setting that specifies the number of characters that the input uses to calculate the CRC (cyclic redundancy check) of a file1. The CRC is a value that uniquely identifies a file based on its content2.
* crcSalt is another setting that adds a string to the CRC calculation to force the input to consume files that have matching CRCs1. This can be useful when files have identical headers or when files are renamed or rolled over2.
* When troubleshooting a situation where some files within a directory are not being indexed, the ignored files are discovered to have long headers, the first thing that should be added to inputs.conf is to increase the value of initCrcLength. This is because by default, the input only performs CRC checks against the first 256 bytes of a file, which means that files with long headers may have matching CRCs and be skipped by the input2. By increasing the value of initCrcLength, the input can use more characters from the file to calculate the CRC, which can reduce the chances of CRC collisions and ensure that different files are indexed3.
* Option C is the correct answer because it reflects the best practice for troubleshooting this situation.
Option A is incorrect because decreasing the value of initCrcLength would make the CRC calculation less reliable and more prone to collisions. Option B is incorrect because adding a crcSalt with a static string would not help differentiate files with long headers, as they would still have matching CRCs. Option D is incorrect because adding a crcSalt with the <SOURCE> attribute would add the full directory path to the CRC calculation, which would not help if the files are in the same directory2.
References:
1: inputs.conf – Splunk Documentation 2: How the Splunk platform handles log file rotation 3: Solved:
Configure CRC salt – Splunk Community

Q37. A customer plans to ingest 600 GB of data per day into Splunk. They will have six concurrent users, and they also want high data availability and high search performance. The customer is concerned about cost and wants to spend the minimum amount on the hardware for Splunk. How many indexers are recommended for this deployment?

Two indexers not in a cluster, assuming users run many long searches.

Three indexers not in a cluster, assuming a long data retention period.

Two indexers clustered, assuming high availability is the greatest priority.

Two indexers clustered, assuming a high volume of saved/scheduled searches.

Explanation
Two indexers clustered is the recommended deployment for a customer who plans to ingest 600 GB of data per day into Splunk, has six concurrent users, and wants high data availability and high search performance.
This deployment will provide enough indexing capacity and search concurrency for the customer’s needs, while also ensuring data replication and searchability across the cluster. The customer can also save on the hardware cost by using only two indexers. Two indexers not in a cluster will not provide high data availability, as there is no data replication or failover. Three indexers not in a cluster will provide more indexing capacity and search concurrency, but also more hardware cost and no data availability. The customer’s data retention period, number of long searches, or volume of saved/scheduled searches are not relevant for determining the number of indexers. For more information, see [Reference hardware] and [About indexer clusters and index replication] in the Splunk documentation.

Q38. The frequency in which a deployment client contacts the deployment server is controlled by what?

polling_interval attribute in outputs.conf

phoneHomeIntervalInSecs attribute in outputs.conf

polling_interval attribute in deploymentclient.conf

phoneHomeIntervalInSecs attribute in deploymentclient.conf

Q39. Which of the following tasks should the architect perform when building a deployment plan? (Select all that apply.)

Use case checklist.

Install Splunk apps.

Inventory data sources.

Review network topology.

When building a deployment plan, the architect should perform the following tasks:
* Use case checklist. A use case checklist is a document that lists the use cases that the deployment will support, along with the data sources, the data volume, the data retention, the data model, the dashboards, the reports, the alerts, and the roles and permissions for each use case. A use case checklist helps to define the scope and the functionality of the deployment, and to identify the dependencies and the requirements for each use case1
* Inventory data sources. An inventory of data sources is a document that lists the data sources that the deployment will ingest, along with the data type, the data format, the data location, the data collection
* method, the data volume, the data frequency, and the data owner for each data source. An inventory of data sources helps to determine the data ingestion strategy, the data parsing and enrichment, the data storage and retention, and the data security and compliance for the deployment1
* Review network topology. A review of network topology is a process that examines the network infrastructure and the network connectivity of the deployment, along with the network bandwidth, the network latency, the network security, and the network monitoring for the deployment. A review of network topology helps to optimize the network performance and reliability, and to identify the network risks and mitigations for the deployment1 Installing Splunk apps is not a task that the architect should perform when building a deployment plan, as it is a task that the administrator should perform when implementing the deployment plan. Installing Splunk apps is a technical activity that requires access to the Splunk instances and the Splunk configurations, which are not available at the planning stage

Q40. To optimize the distribution of primary buckets; when does primary rebalancing automatically occur? (Select all that apply.)

Rolling restart completes.

Master node rejoins the cluster.

Captain joins or rejoins cluster.

A peer node joins or rejoins the cluster.

Primary rebalancing automatically occurs when a rolling restart completes, a master node rejoins the cluster, or a peer node joins or rejoins the cluster. These events can cause the distribution of primary buckets to become unbalanced, so the master node will initiate a rebalancing process to ensure that each peer node has roughly the same number of primary buckets. Primary rebalancing does not occur when a captain joins or rejoins the cluster, because the captain is a search head cluster component, not an indexer cluster component. The captain is responsible for search head clustering, not indexer clustering

Q41. What information is needed about the current environment before deploying Splunk? (select all that apply)

List of vendors for network devices.

Overall goals for the deployment.

Key users.

Data sources.

Before deploying Splunk, it is important to gather some information about the current environment, such as:
* Overall goals for the deployment: This includes the business objectives, the use cases, the expected outcomes, and the success criteria for the Splunk deployment. This information helps to define the scope, the requirements, the design, and the validation of the Splunk solution1.
* Key users: This includes the roles, the responsibilities, the expectations, and the needs of the different types of users who will interact with the Splunk deployment, such as administrators, analysts, developers, and end users. This information helps to determine the user access, the user experience, the user training, and the user feedback for the Splunk solution1.
* Data sources: This includes the types, the formats, the volumes, the locations, and the characteristics of the data that will be ingested, indexed, and searched by the Splunk deployment. This information helps to estimate the data throughput, the data retention, the data quality, and the data analysis for the Splunk solution1.
Option B, C, and D are the correct answers because they reflect the essential information that is needed before deploying Splunk. Option A is incorrect because the list of vendors for network devices is not a relevant information for the Splunk deployment. The network devices may be part of the data sources, but the vendors are not important for the Splunk solution.
References:
1: Splunk Validated Architectures

Q42. Which of the following will cause the greatest reduction in disk size requirements for a cluster of N indexers running Splunk Enterprise Security?

Setting the cluster search factor to N-1.

Increasing the number of buckets per index.

Decreasing the data model acceleration range.

Setting the cluster replication factor to N-1.

Q43. Which of the following statements describe licensing in a clustered Splunk deployment? (Select all that apply.)

Free licenses do not support clustering.

Replicated data does not count against licensing.

Each cluster member requires its own clustering license.

Cluster members must share the same license pool and license master.

Explanation
The following statements describe licensing in a clustered Splunk deployment: Free licenses do not support clustering, and replicated data does not count against licensing. Free licenses are limited to 500 MB of daily indexing volume and do not allow distributed searching or clustering. To enable clustering, a license with a higher volume limit and distributed features is required. Replicated data is data that is copied from one peer node to another for the purpose of high availability and load balancing. Replicated data does not count against licensing, because it is not new data that is ingested by Splunk. Only the original data that is indexed by the peer nodes counts against licensing. Each cluster member does not require its own clustering license, because clustering licenses are shared among the cluster members. Cluster members must share the same license pool and license master, because the license master is responsible for distributing licenses to the cluster members and enforcing the license limits

Q44. What does the deployer do in a Search Head Cluster (SHC)? (Select all that apply.)

Distributes apps to SHC members.

Bootstraps a clean Splunk install for a SHC.

Distributes non-search-related and manual configuration file changes.

Distributes runtime knowledge object changes made by users across the SHC.

Explanation
The deployer distributes apps and non-search related and manual configuration file changes to the search head cluster members. The deployer does not bootstrap a clean Splunk install for a search head cluster, as this is done by the captain. The deployer also does not distribute runtime knowledge object changes made by users across the search head cluster, as this is done by the replication factor. For more information, see Use the deployer to distribute apps and configuration updates in the Splunk documentation.

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