Get Instant Access of 100% Real WGU Managing-Human-Capital Exam Questions with Verified Answers [Q15-Q37]

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Get Instant Access of 100% Real WGU Managing-Human-Capital Exam Questions with Verified Answers

Exam Dumps for the Preparation of Latest Managing-Human-Capital Exam Questions

Q15. How can an employee handbook assist employees?

It prevents the employer from being sued.

It creates laws that must be followed.

It contains employees’ individual performance goals.

It communicates policies against discrimination.

An employee handbook can assist employees by communicating the company’s policies against discrimination. It serves as a reference document that outlines the company’s expectations, policies, and procedures, including those related to anti-discrimination, thus helping employees understand their rights and obligations.
References:
* Managing Human Capital Textbook
* SHRM (Society for Human Resource Management) guidelines on employee handbooks

Q16. What makes an organization a closed union shop?

It hires and employs current union members exclusively.

It allows employees to choose whether they join a union.

It considers only nonunion employees for promotions.

It has a policy against union membership for employees.

A closed union shop is a type of union security agreement where an employer agrees to hire only individuals who are already members of a union. This means that all employees must be union members before they can be employed by the organization. This arrangement ensures that all workers are unionized, thereby enhancing the union’s negotiating power and ensuring collective bargaining coverage for all employees. Closed shop agreements are less common today due to various legal restrictions in many jurisdictions.References:
* Dessler, G. (2020). Human Resource Management. Pearson.
* Gould, W. B. (2019). A Primer on American Labor Law. Cambridge University Press.

Q17. Which term refers to guidelines that show how to perform a task in an organization?

Rules

Codes

Procedures

Policies

Procedures are specific, step-by-step instructions that guide employees on how to perform tasks and activities within an organization. They ensure consistency, efficiency, and safety by providing detailed guidance on the correct way to complete work processes. Procedures help standardize operations, minimize errors, and ensure compliance with organizational policies and external regulations. They are crucial for training new employees, maintaining quality control, and facilitating continuous improvement.References:
* Dessler, G. (2020). Human Resource Management. Pearson.
* Armstrong, M., & Taylor, S. (2020). Armstrong’s Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice.
Kogan Page.

Q18. Which area has the main functions of staffing, health, safety, employee-management relations, rewards, benefits, training, development, and performance management?

Strategic management planning

Human resource management

Human and financial management

Succession planning

* Scope of HRM: Human resource management (HRM) covers a wide range of functions critical to managing an organization’s workforce.
* Key Functions:
* Staffing: Recruiting, selecting, and onboarding employees.
* Health and Safety: Ensuring a safe workplace and promoting employee well-being.
* Employee-Management Relations: Managing interactions between employees and management to maintain a positive work environment.
* Rewards and Benefits: Designing compensation packages and benefits that attract and retain talent.
* Training and Development: Providing learning opportunities to enhance employee skills and career growth.
* Performance Management: Evaluating and improving employee performance to align with organizational goals.
* Objective: The main objective of HRM is to maximize employee performance and ensure that human capital contributes effectively to the achievement of organizational goals.
References:
* Fundamentals of Human Resource Management by Gary Dessler
* SHRM guidelines and best practices in HRM

Q19. What must an organization that incorporates an ethics and compliance program that follows the Federal Sentencing Guidelines for Organizations enable all employees to do?

Give ethical advice to coworkers

Discipline employees for unethical conduct

Publicly accuse coworkers of ethics violations

Anonymously report unethical conduct

* Federal Sentencing Guidelines for Organizations: These guidelines encourage organizations to implement effective ethics and compliance programs to prevent and detect violations of law.
* Anonymous Reporting: A critical component of these programs is providing a mechanism for employees to report unethical conduct without fear of retaliation. Anonymity ensures that employees feel safe to report misconduct.
* Encouraging Ethical Behavior: By enabling anonymous reporting, organizations foster an environment where ethical behavior is promoted, and issues can be addressed promptly.
* Protection for Whistleblowers: This measure protects whistleblowers from potential backlash and ensures that the organization can identify and mitigate unethical practices effectively.
References:
* Federal Sentencing Guidelines for Organizations, U.S. Sentencing Commission
* Ethics and Compliance Programs: A Resource Guide by the U.S. Department of Justice and the SEC

Q20. Why is setting individual employee performance goals important to organizational success?

It replaces the need for conducting job analyses.

It helps align individual employees’ goals with the organization’s mission.

It gives employees input in the content of performance evaluations.

It standardizes performance expectations for employees across the organization.

Setting individual employee performance goals is essential for organizational success because it ensures that employees’ efforts are directed towards the broader objectives of the organization. This alignment fosters a cohesive and motivated workforce working towards common goals, which enhances overall productivity and effectiveness. When employees understand how their personal goals contribute to the organization’s mission, they are more likely to be engaged and committed to their work.
References
* Managing Human Capital Textbook
* “Performance Management: Integrating Strategy Execution, Methodologies, Risk, and Analytics” by Gary Cokins
* SHRM (Society for Human Resource Management) guidelines on performance management

Q21. Which characteristic of an employee demonstrates a strong person-organization fit?

Completes all projects accurately and on time

Is highly qualified to perform the job

Is responsible for training coworkers

Shows deep commitment to the organization

Person-organization fit refers to the compatibility between an employee and the organization in terms of values, beliefs, and culture. An employee who demonstrates a strong person-organization fit shows deep commitment to the organization, aligning their personal values with the company’s mission and culture. This commitment often leads to higher job satisfaction, better performance, and lower turnover rates.
References:
* “Organizational Behavior” by Stephen P. Robbins and Timothy A. Judge
* Articles on person-organization fit from the Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM)

Q22. What explains how (or the sequence of steps) to apply company guidelines to accomplish a task?

Rule

Principle

Policy

Procedure

A procedure explains how to apply company guidelines to accomplish a task through a sequence of steps. It is more detailed than a policy and provides the exact steps to follow in order to ensure consistency and efficiency in task completion.
References:
* Managing Human Capital Textbook
* HR best practices from SHRM (Society for Human Resource Management)

Q23. What is a primary focus of global leadership training?

Union requirements

A job’s technical skills

Cross-cultural collaboration

Safe work behaviors

A primary focus of global leadership training is cross-cultural collaboration. In a globalized business environment, leaders must be adept at working with diverse teams across different cultures. Training programs in this area aim to develop skills such as cultural awareness, communication, and adaptability. These skills enable leaders to effectively manage and collaborate with employees from various cultural backgrounds, fostering an inclusive and cohesive work environment that can enhance global business operations and performance.References:
* Dessler, G. (2020). Human Resource Management. Pearson.
* Black, J. S., Morrison, A. J., & Gregersen, H. B. (1999). Global Explorers: The Next Generation of Leaders. Routledge.

Q24. What is the definition of staffing?

The process of acquiring employees from wherever possible with the goal of remaining unbiased

The process of planning, acquiring, deploying, and retaining employees to enable an employer to meet its talent needs

The process of hiring and terminating employees to enable an employer to meet its budgetary needs

The process of workforce planning that supports the exchange of talent every few months in order to keep the organization fresh

* Definition of Staffing: Staffing encompasses a series of activities aimed at ensuring the organization has the right people in the right jobs at the right time.
* Components:
* Planning: Assessing current and future staffing needs based on organizational goals.
* Acquiring: Recruiting and selecting candidates who fit the organizational culture and job requirements.
* Deploying: Placing employees in roles where they can be most effective.
* Retaining: Implementing strategies to keep talented employees engaged and committed to the organization.
* Importance: Effective staffing ensures that the organization has the human capital necessary to achieve its objectives and maintain a competitive edge.
References:
* Human Resource Management theories and practices
* Strategic Staffing models and frameworks

Q25. A manager meets with an employee to praise the employee for achieving monthly sales goals.
Which performance management technique did this manager implement?

Formal coaching

Progressive coaching

Positive feedback

Constructive feedback

The manager implemented the technique of positive feedback by praising the employee for achieving monthly sales goals. Positive feedback involves recognizing and affirming good performance, which helps to reinforce desirable behaviors and motivate employees. It is a critical component of effective performance management because it not only acknowledges the employee’s efforts and achievements but also encourages them to maintain or improve their performance.
References
* Managing Human Capital Textbook
* “The Power of Feedback: Giving, Seeking, and Using Feedback for Performance Improvement” by Manuel London
* SHRM (Society for Human Resource Management) guidelines on performance feedback

Q26. What is an example of a customary benefit?

Workers’ compensation

Social security

Retirement plan

Unemployment insurance

A customary benefit refers to benefits that are traditionally offered by employers, though not legally required.
Retirement plans, such as 401(k) plans or pension plans, are common examples of customary benefits. These plans provide financial security for employees in their post-working years and are often used by employers to attract and retain talent by offering long-term financial planning options.
References
* Managing Human Capital Textbook
* “Employee Benefits” by Joseph J. Martocchio
* SHRM (Society for Human Resource Management) guidelines on customary benefits

Q27. How is understanding a trainee’s learning style important to training effectiveness?

It improves training outcomes.

It expands employee skill gaps.

It influences the location of the training.

It increases the positive feedback given to the trainer.

Understanding a trainee’s learning style is crucial for the effectiveness of training because it allows the training to be tailored to the individual’s preferred method of learning, thereby improving retention and application of the material. For instance, visual learners benefit from diagrams and videos, auditory learners from lectures and discussions, and kinesthetic learners from hands-on activities. By aligning training methods with learning styles, the overall training outcomes improve, leading to better performance and skill acquisition.
References
* Managing Human Capital Textbook
* “Training and Development for Dummies” by Elaine Biech
* SHRM (Society for Human Resource Management) guidelines on training effectiveness

Q28. What is an advantage of a pay-for-performance plan?

It rewards those who are most knowledgeable.

It connects performance with intrinsic motivation.

It recognizes the most tenured employees.

It provides a positive reinforcement method.

A pay-for-performance plan is advantageous because it provides a method of positive reinforcement, which directly links an employee’s compensation to their performance. This system incentivizes employees to achieve high performance by rewarding them with financial bonuses or raises based on their achievements.
Positive reinforcement encourages desirable behaviors and high productivity, aligning individual performance with organizational goals.
References
* Managing Human Capital Textbook
* “Pay for Performance: Evaluating Performance Appraisal and Merit Pay” by George T. Milkovich and Alexandra K. Wigdor
* SHRM (Society for Human Resource Management) guidelines on pay-for-performance plans

Q29. A manager and an employee go on a lunch break together. The manager tells the employee about another coworker that received discipline. The manager discloses to the employee that the coworker was reprimanded for poor performance.
Which part of this scenario involves an ethical dilemma?

The manager disclosing the discipline of the coworker to the employee

The employee going on a lunch break with the manager

The employee listening to what the manager shared

The manager having an unofficial one-on-one conversation with the employee

Q30. Which factor do unions prefer when negotiating with employers over criteria for job opportunities, such as promotions and job security?

Seniority

Education

Experience

Age

Unionized workers typically enjoy more secure benefits compared to nonunionized workers, with guaranteed pensions being one of the most secure. Unions negotiate defined benefit pension plans that promise a specified monthly benefit at retirement, which is often based on factors such as salary history and years of service.
These plans provide financial security for employees upon retirement and are less common in nonunionized workplaces, where defined contribution plans like 401(k)s are more prevalent.References:
* Noe, R. A., Hollenbeck, J. R., Gerhart, B., & Wright, P. M. (2019). Human Resource Management:
Gaining a Competitive Advantage. McGraw-Hill Education.
* Freeman, R. B., & Medoff, J. L. (1984). What Do Unions Do?. Basic Books.

Q31. Which tool may be used during the learning level of Kirkpatrick’s training evaluation?

Simulation

Performance appraisal

Survey

Long-term observation

The learning level of Kirkpatrick’s training evaluation model measures the degree to which participants have acquired the intended knowledge, skills, and attitudes based on their participation in the training. A survey is an effective tool at this level as it can assess participants’ perceptions of their learning and gather feedback on the training’s content and delivery. Surveys can be designed to include specific questions related to the learning objectives and can provide quantitative data on the effectiveness of the training.
References
* Managing Human Capital Textbook
* “Evaluating Training Programs: The Four Levels” by Donald Kirkpatrick and James Kirkpatrick
* SHRM (Society for Human Resource Management) guidelines on training evaluation

Q32. What is organizational design?

Using a graphic representation of the structure of an organization to see the relationships between the organization’s positions

Making decisions about how to plan and organize work and exercise authority

Allocating, coordinating, and supervising tasks to achieve organizational aims

Selecting and managing aspects of organizational structure in order to facilitate organizational goal achievement

Organizational design involves configuring the structure of an organization to effectively achieve its goals.
This includes determining the best ways to allocate resources, coordinate activities, and supervise tasks. The aim is to create an optimal organizational framework that enhances communication, improves efficiency, and supports the achievement of strategic objectives. It includes decisions about hierarchy, departmentalization, span of control, and formalization.
References:
* “Organization Design: A Guide to Building Effective Organizations” by Naomi Stanford
* Harvard Business Review articles on organizational design

Q33. A recruiter requests that an applicant complete a document that requests information about the applicant s medical conditions and the medical conditions of their family members.
Which law did this recruiter violate?

Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993

Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990

Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2008

Civil Rights Act of 1991

The Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) of 2008 prohibits employers from requesting, requiring, or purchasing genetic information about an applicant or an employee, which includes family medical history. The act aims to prevent discrimination based on genetic information in both health insurance and employment. The recruiter’s request for information about the applicant’s medical conditions and those of their family members directly violates GINA.
References:
* Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2008, U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) website

Q34. Employees are allowed to have flexible work schedules.
Which form of compensation is represented in this example?

Nonfinancial compensation

Indirect financial compensation

Direct financial compensation

Variable financial compensation

Flexible work schedules are considered a form of nonfinancial compensation because they do not directly increase an employee’s monetary earnings. Instead, they offer value through improved work-life balance, increased autonomy, and greater job satisfaction. Nonfinancial compensation can include various perks and benefits that enhance an employee’s quality of life, contributing to their overall well-being and job satisfaction without direct financial incentives.
References
* Managing Human Capital Textbook
* “Strategic Compensation: A Human Resource Management Approach” by Joseph J. Martocchio
* SHRM (Society for Human Resource Management) guidelines on nonfinancial compensation

Q35. What are employees experiencing if they are motivated by finding fulfillment in their work?

External motivation

Incentive motivation

Extrinsic motivation

Intrinsic motivation

When employees are motivated by finding fulfillment in their work, they are experiencing intrinsic motivation.
Intrinsic motivation comes from within the individual and is driven by personal satisfaction, the enjoyment of the task itself, and a sense of accomplishment. Unlike extrinsic motivation, which relies on external rewards such as money or recognition, intrinsic motivation is rooted in the inherent interest or pleasure in the activity.
References
* Managing Human Capital Textbook
* “Drive: The Surprising Truth About What Motivates Us” by Daniel H. Pink
* SHRM (Society for Human Resource Management) guidelines on employee motivation

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